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Cause |
· ↑Insulin resistance (illness) · ↓Insulin supply (first presentation, missed dose)s |
|
Complications |
· Hypovolaemia · Hypertonicity · Hyperglycaemia · Electrolyte disturbance (↑Na, ↑↓K) · Cerebral oedema (agitation, seizure, coma) |
|
Treatment |
What: · Insulin · Saline · Potassium How: · Rapid correction -> brain damage. · No boluses of insulin · Small boluses of saline · Hypertonic saline if developing cerebral oedema |
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Monitoring |
General: · Vital signs and ECG · Conscious state · Urine output Blood tests: · Glucose · Ketones · Acid-base · Electrolytes |